A major controversy erupted in the early Church: must Gentile converts follow the Mosaic law, including circumcision, to be saved? Paul and Barnabas debated the issue and were sent to Jerusalem to seek clarity. What followed was the first great council of the Church—the apostles and elders gathering to listen, pray, discern, and decide together. Guided by the Holy Spirit, they sent a letter back to the Gentile churches, affirming freedom from the Mosaic law while asking for a few necessary practices for unity. The message was clear: this is not a human decision alone- “It is the decision of the Holy Spirit and of us.”
After evangelizing in Derbe and making many new disciples, Paul and Barnabas retraced their steps through cities where they had faced opposition. They returned not to avoid danger but to strengthen the fledgling churches. They encouraged the believers to endure hardships and remain steadfast in faith. In each community, they appointed leaders, prayed, fasted, and entrusted them to the Lord. Finally, they returned to Antioch to report what God had done, especially how He opened the door of faith to the Gentiles. The Church was growing- not just in numbers but in faith, structure, and mission.
In Antioch of Pisidia, Paul and Barnabas preached boldly in the synagogue. Many listeners were drawn to their message, but opposition quickly arose from some Jewish leaders. Undeterred, the apostles responded with prophetic clarity: the Gospel was first offered to the Jews, but now, since they rejected it, the Good News would go to the Gentiles. Paul quoted Isaiah’s prophecy, revealing their divine commission—to be “a light to the Gentiles.” The Gentiles rejoiced, the Word spread, but persecution intensified. The apostles, shaking the dust from their feet, left the city. And what remained? A community “filled with joy and the Holy Spirit.”
Peter and the apostles had been arrested again. The Sanhedrin, the powerful religious council of Jerusalem, was outraged: “We gave you strict orders to stop teaching in that name.” But the apostles would not be silenced. Peter responded with courage and clarity: “We must obey God rather than men.” He proclaimed Jesus—the one they crucified, whom God has now exalted as “leader and savior.” Though threatened and dishonored, the apostles left rejoicing that they were found worthy to suffer for the Name. This is a moment of defiant faith and holy joy in the face of persecution.